Tutorials

This Tip comes from gulli

Why searching for solutions to other problems, I just came across this and wanted to put it here for other people visiting.

The are some situations when connecting through DSL, Router etc. and some web sites can't just be loaded. You can try the following below.

1. Start> Run> and enter

   ping -f -l 1492 www.omotech.com
   (or any other web address instead of www.omotech.com).

2. You'll see responses like "Packet needs to be fragmented but DF set". Gradually reduce the number little by little (let's say by 10), until the server responds with connection time (in my case 1472).

3. Start> Run> Regedit>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE>system> CurrentControlSet> Services>Tcpip> Parameters>Interfaces: you'll find many folders with all kinds of numbers and letters. Search in these folders for the one that has your IP numbers.

   

4. Create in this folder a new key (Right Click> New> DWORD (32-bit) Value) with the name "MTU".

5. Assign a new value to the Key. (Double click MTU)> enter the value you just emitted from the ping responses above (e.g 1472).

With a bit of luck, you should be able to get those web sites loaded

Posted by Stanley Omoregie at 12:28 PM | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

Route

Displays and modifies the entries in the local IP routing table. Used without parameters, route displays help.

Syntax

route [-f] [-p] [Command [Destination] [mask Netmask] [Gateway] [metric Metric]] [if Interface]]

Parameters

-f : Clears the routing table of all entries that are not host routes (routes with a netmask of 255.255.255.255), the loopback network route (routes with a destination of 127.0.0.0 and a netmask of 255.0.0.0), or a multicast route (routes with a destination of 224.0.0.0 and a netmask of 240.0.0.0). If this is used in conjunction with one of the commands (such as add, change, or delete), the table is cleared prior to running the command.

-p : When used with the add command, the specified route is added to the registry and is used to initialize the IP routing table whenever the TCP/IP protocol is started. By default, added routes are not preserved when the TCP/IP protocol is started. When used with the print command, the list of persistent routes is displayed. This parameter is ignored for all other commands. Persistent routes are stored in the registry location

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\PersistentRoutes.

Examples

To display the entire contents of the IP routing table, type:

route print

To display the routes in the IP routing table that begin with 10., type:

route print 10.*

To add a default route with the default gateway address of 192.168.12.1, type:

route add 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.1

To add a route to the destination 10.41.0.0 with the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 and the next hop address of 10.27.0.1, type:

route add 10.41.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 10.27.0.1

To add a persistent route to the destination 10.41.0.0 with the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 and the next hop address of 10.27.0.1, type:

route -p add 10.41.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 10.27.0.1

To add a route to the destination 10.41.0.0 with the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, the next hop address of 10.27.0.1, and the cost metric of 7, type:

route add 10.41.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 10.27.0.1 metric 7

To add a route to the destination 10.41.0.0 with the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, the next hop address of 10.27.0.1, and using the interface index 0x3, type:

route add 10.41.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 10.27.0.1 if 0x3

To delete the route to the destination 10.41.0.0 with the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, type:

route delete 10.41.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0

To delete all routes in the IP routing table that begin with 10., type:

route delete 10.*

To change the next hop address of the route with the destination of 10.41.0.0 and the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 from 10.27.0.1 to 10.27.0.25, type:

route change 10.41.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 10.27.0.25

Posted by Stanley Omoregie at 12:27 PM | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

Just like there is autoplay feature on CDs and DVDs, it is also possible to autorun programs and applications from your removable USB flash drives on Windows XP SP2.

The follwoing is a quick guide on how to autorun portables applications from your USB drive.

1. Open Notepad
2. Type in:

     [AutoRun]
     open=PortableApps\PortableAppsMenu\PortableAppsMenu.exe
     action=Start PortableApps.com
     icon=PortableApps\PortableAppsMenu\PortableAppsMenu.exe
     label=PortableApps
     Shell\Option=PortableApps
     Shell\Option\Command=PortableApps\PortableAppsMenu\PortableAppsMenu.exe
   

3. Save the files as autorun.inf
4. Put the files in the root of your USB flash drive
5. The next time you insert your flash USB drive into any PC running Windows XP SP2, the specified program will autorun from the USB drive.

Below are the explanations to the above options used in our autorun.inf file.

  open=PortableApps\PortableAppsMenu\PortableAppsMenu.exe

The open option specifies the program that should autorun. You must use relative paths here. Do NOT specify the drive letter since it may vary from PC to PC.

  action=Start PortableApps.com

This describes the action that will be performed. This parameter is used by Windows Explorer in the autoplay dialog.

  icon=PortableApps\PortableAppsMenu\PortableAppsMenu.exe

Specifies the icon to be used for the USB drive. The icon can be fetched from an .EXE file or it can be in the normal .ICO format. (more on changing icons here

  label=PortableApps

This label parameter is used to specify the name of the drive. Basically, this can be anything you want to call your flash drive.

  Shell\Option=PortableApps

Optionally specify the text displayed in the shortcut menu for the Option above.

  Shell\Option\Command=PortableApps\PortableAppsMenu\PortableAppsMenu.exe

Adds a custom command to the drive's shortcut menu. This is also the text that will appear in the shortcut menu unless specifically altered to some other text.

In many systems, the autorun is disabled by default for security reasons. Unless it is very neccessary, you are adviced to keep the default settings. Why this might be true for many users, there are those like me who would rather have the autorun enabled to ease working with PortableApps.

If your Autorun is disabled, go here to learn how to enable it.

Posted by Stanley Omoregie at 12:23 PM | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

Computer time synchronisation is highly important in modern computer networks, precision and time synchronization is critical in many applications, particularly time sensitive transactions. Just imagine buying an airline seat only to be told at the airport that the ticket was sold twice because it was purchased afterwards on a computer that had a slower clock!

Modern computers do have internal clocks called Real Time Clock chips (RTC) that provide time and date information. These chips are battery backed so that even during power outages, they can maintain time but personal computers are not designed to be perfect clocks. Their design has been optimized for mass production and low-cost rather than maintaining accurate time.

For many applications, this is can be quite adequate, although, quite often machines need time to be synchronised with other PC's on a network and when computers are out of sync with each other problems can arise such as sharing network files, failed transactions or in some environments even fraud!

Microsoft Windows 2003 has a time synchronisation utility built into the operating system called Windows Time (w32time.exe) which can be configured to operate as a network time server. It can be configured to both synchronise a network using the internal clock or an external time source.

Note: Microsoft strongly recommends that you configure a time server with a hardware source rather than from the internet where there is no authentication.

To configure Windows Time service to use the internal hardware clock, first check that w32time is located in the system services list in the registry, to check:

Click Start, Run then type regedit then click ok.

Locate and then click the following registry entry:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32Time

It is highly recommended that you back up the registry as serious problems may occur if you modify the registry incorrectly, modifications to the registry are done at your own risk.

To begin configuration for an internal clock, click on the following subkey:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32TimeConfigAnnounceFlags

In the right pane, right-click AnnounceFlags, then click modify.

In Edit DWORD Value, type A in the Value Data box, then click OK

Exit Registry Editor

To restart the Windows Time Service click Start, Run (or alternatively use the Command Prompt facility).

Type: net stop w32time && net start w32time

Then press enter.

To configure the Windows Time service to use an external time source, click Start, Run and type regedit then click OK.

Locate the following subkey:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32TimeParametersType

In the right pane, right-click Type then click Modify, in edit Value type NTP in the Value data box then click OK.

Locate the following subkey:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32TimeConfigAnnounceFlags.

In the right pane, right-click AnnounceFlags and click Modify. The ‘AnnounceFlags' registry entry indicates whether the server is a trusted time reference, 5 indicates a trusted source so in the Edit DWORD Value box, under Value Data, type 5, then click OK.

Network Time Protocol (NTP) is an Internet protocol used for the transfer of accurate time, providing time information along so that a precise time can be obtained

To enable the Network Time Protocol; NTPserver, locate and click:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32TimeTimeProvidersNtpServer

In the right pane, right-click Enabled, then click Modify.

In the Edit DWord Value box, type 1 under Value data, then click OK.

Only apply if the server is configure to be syncronized with external NTP-Server

Now go back and click on

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32TimeParametersNtpServer

In the right pane, right-click NtpServer, then Modify, in the Edit DWORD Value under Value Data type In the right pane, right-click NtpServer, then Modify, in the Edit DWORD Value under Value Data type the Domain Name System (DNS), each DNS must be unique and you must append 0x1 to the end of each DNS name otherwise changes will not take effect.

Now click Ok.

Locate and click the following

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32TimeTimeProvidersNtpClientSpecialPollInterval

In the right pane, right-click SpecialPollInterval, then click Modify.

In the Edit DWORD Value box, under Value Data, type the number of seconds you want for each poll, ie 900 will poll every 15 minutes, then click OK.

To configure the time correction settings, locate:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32Timeconfig

In the right pane, right-click MaxPosPhaseCorrection, then Modify, in the Edit DWORD Value box, under Base, click Decimal, under Value Data, type a time in seconds such as 3600 (an hour) then click OK.

Now go back and click:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW32Timeconfig

In the right pane, right-click MaxNegPhaseCorrection, then Modify.

In the Edit DWORD box under base, click Decimal, under value data type the time in seconds you want to poll such as 3600 (polls in one hour)

Exit Registry Editor

Now, to restart windows time service, click Start, Run (or alternatively use the command prompt facility) and type:

net stop w32time && net start w32time

And that’s it your time server should be now up and running.

Posted by Stanley Omoregie at 08:24 AM | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)